DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES BEHIND TODAYS FLEXIBLE AND FOLDABLE SCREENS !!!!
Hello, friends today I am back with a topic which has the capability to refresh the previous technology on touch screens, you have guessed it right!!!! its the foldable screens
So let us go deep into the working of foldable screens without any further delay
To get into foldable screens first we should get to know about OLED Technology which means organic light-emitting diodes
The first flexible OLED was actually developed way back in 1992 but as expected it was dim and wildly inefficient. this flexible OLED paved the path for today's flexible devices
In devices the flexible screen first appeared on Samsung galaxy round in 2013 These phones had curved bent screens but they were not foldable
To get these curved OLED Samsung built this OLEDs on flexible base and then glued to a thin glass layer
Till now we have been sen LCDs everywhere which are being replaced by OLEDs .this Lcd technology use particles that respond to electricity to block or allow light from the backlight.
LCDs, when compared with OLEDs, lack contrast, color space, response time and as LCDs are backlit they flicker making the image smudged or smeary.
In contrast In OLEDs, each pixel generates light individually by itself eliminating the need for backlight making them super thin and light helping us make bendable displays
LED is just a type of electrical connections where eletricity can flow only in single direction
As we run electricity through diode electrons get excited enough and will jump from n side to p side as they jump they reach ground state and release energy in form of heat but if we use gallium as the semiconductor material the excess energy gets emitted as a little flash of light this is the working of led (different colors of led is due to different types of compounds used
In OLED we use special conductive organic molecules (a compound with carbon backbone) although the chemicals in OLED displays are complicated like
1.bis(2-diphenylphosphino phenyl)ether
2.tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium
These are electroluminescent dyes running a charge through them produces light energy hence they glow beyond the color generation compounds called hosts and OLED is sandwiched between layers which transfers electron i.e anode and cathode sometimes anode is placed on top of the surface and needs to be transparent so that light in led can pass through it and we know indium tin oxide is widely used display OLEDS are building on substrate-like ito i.e on super thin glass layers of these chemicals are deposited on top this process is done by heating chemicals until they vaporize and then condense them
Each pixel in the display grid ends up with a few individual transistors controlling it and this is encapsulated in another layer of glass foil this is vital because a compound in OLED breakdown in contact with air and are quickly degraded by water
This whole process of manufacturing OLED can involve high temperatures as high as 1000 degree Celcius This is a big problem because if we increase the size of the screen it has high chances for breaking hence lower temperature methods was found and this method is low-temperature polysilicon and was developed to solve this problem of breakage of the screen
This holds a great advantage in the manufacture of folding phones. After the silicon circuit have been built, the hosts and electrodes can be applied on it using various methods
How are foldable phones constructed ?????
The flexible screens of foldable phones are built on a plastic called polyamide
Polyamides possess few special traits like they are heat resistant and can withstand temperatures over400 F and it is known that some of them can withstand heat up to 1500 F
The polyamides used in foldable phones are transparent polyamide films called CPI
The anode used in this technology is a super thin layer of silver sandwiched between two layers of either zinc sulphide or zinc oxide These layers are less than 50 nm thick and remarkably transparent The glue used also matters as the adhesive here i.e in folding screens helps us to maintain display intact without distortion and one of the advanced adhesive used in foldable screens is Optically clear adhesive developed by Samsung
A foldable display looks like:
In my upcoming blogs let us talk about designs of foldable smartphones in detail
So let us go deep into the working of foldable screens without any further delay
To get into foldable screens first we should get to know about OLED Technology which means organic light-emitting diodes
The first flexible OLED was actually developed way back in 1992 but as expected it was dim and wildly inefficient. this flexible OLED paved the path for today's flexible devices
In devices the flexible screen first appeared on Samsung galaxy round in 2013 These phones had curved bent screens but they were not foldable
To get these curved OLED Samsung built this OLEDs on flexible base and then glued to a thin glass layer
Till now we have been sen LCDs everywhere which are being replaced by OLEDs .this Lcd technology use particles that respond to electricity to block or allow light from the backlight.
LCDs, when compared with OLEDs, lack contrast, color space, response time and as LCDs are backlit they flicker making the image smudged or smeary.
In contrast In OLEDs, each pixel generates light individually by itself eliminating the need for backlight making them super thin and light helping us make bendable displays
LED is just a type of electrical connections where eletricity can flow only in single direction
As we run electricity through diode electrons get excited enough and will jump from n side to p side as they jump they reach ground state and release energy in form of heat but if we use gallium as the semiconductor material the excess energy gets emitted as a little flash of light this is the working of led (different colors of led is due to different types of compounds used
In OLED we use special conductive organic molecules (a compound with carbon backbone) although the chemicals in OLED displays are complicated like
1.bis(2-diphenylphosphino phenyl)ether
2.tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium
These are electroluminescent dyes running a charge through them produces light energy hence they glow beyond the color generation compounds called hosts and OLED is sandwiched between layers which transfers electron i.e anode and cathode sometimes anode is placed on top of the surface and needs to be transparent so that light in led can pass through it and we know indium tin oxide is widely used display OLEDS are building on substrate-like ito i.e on super thin glass layers of these chemicals are deposited on top this process is done by heating chemicals until they vaporize and then condense them
Each pixel in the display grid ends up with a few individual transistors controlling it and this is encapsulated in another layer of glass foil this is vital because a compound in OLED breakdown in contact with air and are quickly degraded by water
This whole process of manufacturing OLED can involve high temperatures as high as 1000 degree Celcius This is a big problem because if we increase the size of the screen it has high chances for breaking hence lower temperature methods was found and this method is low-temperature polysilicon and was developed to solve this problem of breakage of the screen
This holds a great advantage in the manufacture of folding phones. After the silicon circuit have been built, the hosts and electrodes can be applied on it using various methods
How are foldable phones constructed ?????
The flexible screens of foldable phones are built on a plastic called polyamide
Polyamides possess few special traits like they are heat resistant and can withstand temperatures over400 F and it is known that some of them can withstand heat up to 1500 F
The polyamides used in foldable phones are transparent polyamide films called CPI
The anode used in this technology is a super thin layer of silver sandwiched between two layers of either zinc sulphide or zinc oxide These layers are less than 50 nm thick and remarkably transparent The glue used also matters as the adhesive here i.e in folding screens helps us to maintain display intact without distortion and one of the advanced adhesive used in foldable screens is Optically clear adhesive developed by Samsung
A foldable display looks like:
In my upcoming blogs let us talk about designs of foldable smartphones in detail
Nice
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